| Baseline period |
Choose a representative period and record volume, mix, price, staffing and known disruptions |
Finance-approved baseline |
The comparison period uses equivalent scope. |
| Labour efficiency |
Value accepted time reduction using loaded role cost and realistic redeployment |
Time study and role cost |
Saved time is not automatically cash savings. |
| Error and rework |
Value accepted reductions in correction, dispute, return and reconciliation effort |
Issue log and correction cost |
Only attributable changes are included. |
| Inventory and working capital |
Model agreed changes in excess stock, stockouts, receivable or payable timing |
Ledger and operating baseline |
Volume and price effects are separated. |
| One-time costs |
Include implementation, migration, integration, devices, training and internal project effort |
Signed plan and cost estimate |
Contingency and tax treatment are clear. |
| Recurring costs |
Include subscription, hosting, support, administration, security and planned change |
Contract and operating budget |
Annual escalation and usage growth are modelled. |
| Net value and payback |
Net annual value equals accepted recurring benefit less recurring cost; payback compares cumulative
cash flow |
Benefit and cost model |
Timing and non-cash benefits remain explicit. |
| Sensitivity and ownership |
Test low, expected and high cases for adoption, volume, timing and benefit realisation |
Scenario model and benefit register |
Each benefit has a named accountable owner. |